Origin of Life & Evidence of Evolution — Practice Questions
Free NEET Biology multiple-choice questions on Origin of Life & Evidence of Evolution. Attempt each question and reveal the answer with a full explanation.
An important evidence in favour of organic evolution is the occurrence of- Homologous and vestigial organs Analogous and vestigial organs Homologous organs only Homologous and analogous organs The 'RNA world' hypothesis suggests that: RNA was the first genetic material and also acted as a catalyst. DNA evolved first and then mutated to form RNA. Protein synthesis evolved independently of RNA. RNA is more stable than DNA. The 'Golden Age of Reptiles' refers to which era/period? Mesozoic era Cenozoic era Paleozoic era Devonian period According to geological evidence, the first cellular forms of life appeared on Earth about: 2000 million years ago 500 million years ago 3 billion years ago 4.5 billion years ago About how many million years ago (mya) did sea weeds and few plants likely exist? 320 mya 500 mya 200 mya 2000 mya The 'Age of Fishes' is the name given to which of the following geological periods? Devonian Silurian Ordovician Carboniferous In S.L. Miller's experiment, the temperature maintained in the flask to simulate the lightning-induced heat of the early Earth was approximately: 800 C 100 C 5000 C 1500 C Sidney Fox demonstrated that heating a mixture of dry amino acids could produce protein-like structures called: Protenoids Coacervates Liposomes Nucleoids What is the correct chronological sequence of the periods within the Mesozoic Era? Triassic → Jurassic → Cretaceous Permian → Triassic → Jurassic Jurassic → Triassic → Cretaceous Cretaceous → Jurassic → Triassic The vast coal deposits found today were formed primarily from the remains of giant ferns and mosses during which geological period? Carboniferous Silurian Devonian Permian Who proposed that 'Life comes only from pre-existing life', effectively disproving spontaneous generation? Louis Pasteur Oparin S.L. Miller Aristotle Which one of the following is not a living fossil- King crab Sphenodon Archaeopteryx Peripatus Which group of extinct reptiles is considered the direct ancestors of both modern crocodiles and dinosaurs? Thecodonts Therapsids Pelycosaurs Ichthyosaurs Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from non-living matter - Larva cound appear in decaying organic matter Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel microbes did not appear in stored meat Microbes appeared form unsterilized organic matter Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils - Electron-spin resonance method Uranium-lead method Potassium–argon method Radio-carbon method Which one of the following amino-acids was not found to be synthesized in Miller's experiment ? Glycine Aspartic acid Glutamic acid Alanine Following are the two statements regarding the origin of life :- (a) The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes. (b) The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen. Of the above statements which one of the following options is correct ? (1) (a) is correct but (b) is false. (2) (b) is correct but (a) is false. (3) Both (a) and (b) are correct. (4) Both (a) and (b) are false. Match List I with List II: array llll ; & List I & ; & List II A. & Mesozoic Era & I. & Lower invertebrates B. & Proterozoic Era & II. & Fish & Amphibia C. & Cenozoic Era & III. & Birds & Reptiles D. & Paleozoic Era & IV. & Mammals array Choose the correct answer from the options given below : A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II Match List I with List II with respect to chronology of evolution of life forms array llll ; & List-I & ; & List-II A. & About 65 mya & (I) & Jawless fish probably evolved B. & About 500 mya & (II) & The dinosaurs suddenly disappeared from the earth C. & About 350 mya & (III) & Seaweeds and few plants probably existed D & About 320 mya & (IV) & Invertebrates were formed and became active array A(III), B(IV), C(I), D(II) A(II), B(IV), C(III), D(I) A(II), B(IV), C(I), D(III) A(I), B(II), C(III), D(IV) Which of the following is not evidence for evolution? Convergent evolution of traits like wings of birds and butterflies Paleontological evidence from fossil records Embryological support for evolution as proposed by Ernst Heckel Divergent evolution of anatomical structures such as forelimbs The concept of chemical evolution is based on interaction of water, air and clay under intense heat effect of solar radiation on chemicals possible origin of life by combination of chemicals under suitable environmental conditions crystallization of chemicals. From his experiments, S.L. Miller produced amino acids by mixing the following in a closed flask (1) CH3 , H2 , NH4 and water vapor at 800°C (2) CH4 , H2 , NH3 and water vapor at 600°C (3) CH3 , H2 , NH3 and water vapor at 600°C (4) CH4 , H2 , NH3 and water vapor at 800°C Embryological support for evolution was disapproved by Alfred Wallace Charles Darwin Oparin Karl Ernst von Baer According to Oparin, the 'Pre-biotic soup' contained organized clusters of organic macromolecules that could grow and divide, which he called: Coacervates Microspheres Protocells Liposomes S.L. Miller's closed flask experiment for the origin of life contained which of the following gases? CH 4, NH 3, H 2 and water vapor O 2, CH 4, NH 3 and water vapor CO 2, N 2, SO 2 and water vapor CH 4, O 2, N 2 and water vapor The first non-cellular forms of life could have originated years ago. 3 billion 2 billion 4.5 billion 500 million The first life on earth originated in water and was likely: Chemoheterotrophs Chemoautotrophs Photoautotrophs Eukaryotes