Free NEET Biology multiple-choice questions on Air, Water & Soil Pollution. Attempt each question and reveal the answer with a full explanation.
Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create the problem of - Aridity Metal toxicity salinity Acidity Which of the following is not a common component of Photochemical Smog? Ozone Acrolein Peroxyacetyl nitrate Chlorofluorocarbons A location with luxuriant growth of lichens on the trees indicates that the :- Trees are very healthy Trees are heavily infested Location is highly polluted Location is not polluted A scrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industrial plant removes :- gases like sulphur dioxide particulate matter of the size 5 micrometer or above gases like ozone and methane particulate matter of the size 2.5 micrometer or less A river with an inflow of domestic sewage rich in organic waste may result in :- Drying of the river very soon due to algal bloom. Increased population of aquatic food web organisms. An increased production of fish due to biodegradable nutrients. Death of fish due to lack of oxygen. The increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels is referred to as: Biomagnification Eutrophication Bioremediation Biotransformation Which of the following is a secondary pollutant? SO2 CO2 CO O3 The device which can remove particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant is : Incinerator Electrostatic Precipitator Catalytic Convertor STP The entire fleet of buses in Delhi were converted to CNG from diesel. In reference to this, which one of the following statements is false? The same diesel engine is used in CNG buses making the cost of conversion low It is cheaper than diesel It cannot be adulterated like diesel CNG burns more efficiently than diesel Given below are two statements: Statements I : In a scrubber the exhaust from the thermal plant is passed through the electric wires to charge the dust particles. Statement II : Particulate matter (PM 2.5) cannot be removed by scrubber but can be removed by an electrostatic precipitator. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below : Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct Both Statement I and Statement II are correct Given below are two statements : Statement I : The nutrient deficient water bodies lead to eutrophication Statement II : Eutrophication leads to decrease in the level of oxygen in the water bodies. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: Both Statement I and Statement II are true Both Statement I and Statement II are false Statement I is correct but Statement II is false Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true The 'blue baby' syndrome results from- Excess of chloride Methemoglobin Excess of dissolved oxygen Excess of TDS (total dissolved solids) Which of the following statements is correct? Eutrophication refers to increase in domestic sewage and waste water in lakes. Biomagnification refers to increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels. Presence of large amount of nutrients in water restricts ‘Algal Bloom’ Algal Bloom decreases fish mortality Given below are two statements: Statement I: Electrostatic precipitator is most widely used in thermal power plant Statement II: Electrostatic precipitator in thermal power plant removes ionising radiations In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct. Silicosis and Asbestosis are examples of which type of respiratory disorders? Occupational respiratory disorders Infectious diseases Genetic disorders Allergic reactions Asthma is a respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing. It is caused by: Inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles Damage to alveolar walls Bacterial infection of the lungs Proliferation of fibrous tissues The rate of decomposition is significantly slower if the detritus is rich in: Lignin and Chitin Nitrogen and Sugars Oxygen and Water Phosphorus and Calcium Which of the following factors inhibits the rate of decomposition? High lignin and chitin content in detritus Warm and moist environment High nitrogen content in detritus Abundant oxygen supply In which one of the following the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand ) of sewage (S), distillery effluent (DE), paper mill effluent (PE) and sugar mill effluent (SE) have been arranged in ascending order ? SE < PE < S < DE PE < S < SE < DE S < DE < PE < SE SE < S < PE < DE. Which one of the following statements is correct? Both Azotobacter and Rhizobium fix atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules of plants. Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc are important mobilizers of phosphates and for plant nutrition in soil At present it is not possible to grow maize without chemical fertilizers Extensive use of chemical fertilizers may lead to eutrophication of nearby water bodies. Step taken by the Government of India to control air pollution include : Use of non-polluting Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) only as fuel by all buses and trucks Compulsory mixing of 20% ethyl alcohol with petrol and 20% biodiesel with diesel Compulsory PUC (Pollution Under Control) certification of petrol driven vehicles which tests for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons Permission to use only pure diesel with a maximum of 500 ppm sulphur as fuel for vehicles Match List-I with List-II. array ll List-I & List-II (a) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) -> 2SO3(g) & (i) Acid rain (b) HOCl(g) ->[h ] OH + Cl & (ii) Smog (c) CaCO3 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4 + H2O + CO2 & (iii) Ozone depletion (d) NO2(g) ->[h ] NO(g) + O(g) & (iv) Tropospheric pollution array Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii) (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i) (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv) Photochemical smog pollution does not contain- Ozone Nitrogen dioxide Carbon dioxide PAN (peroxy acyl nitrate) The pollution due to oxides of sulphur gets enhanced due to the presence of: (a) particulate matter (b) ozone (c) hydrocarbons (d) hydrogen peroxide Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: (a), (b), (d) only (b), (c), (d) only (a), (c), (d) only (a), (d) only Which one of the following statements is NOT correct? The micro-organisms involved in biodegradation of organic matter in a sewage polluted water body consume a lot of oxygen causing the death of aquatic organisms Algal blooms caused by excess of organic matter in water improve water quality and promote fisheries Water hyacinth grows abundantly in eutrophic water bodies and leads to an imbalance in the ecosystem dynamics of the water body The amount of some toxic substances of industrial waste water increases in the organisms at successive trophic levels Limit of BOD prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board for the discharge of industrial and municipal waste waters into natural surface waters, is - (1) < 3.0 ppm (2) <10 ppm (3) < 100 ppm (4) < 30 ppm In a coal fired power plant electrostatic precipitators are installed to control emission of NO x SPM CO SO 2 Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution? blood-worms stone flies sewage fungus sludge-worms. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) in a river water : Increases when sewage gets mixed with river water Remains unchanged when algal bloom occurs has no relationship with concentration of oxygen in the water Gives a measure of Salmonella in the water DDT residues are rapidly passed through food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is : Water soluble Lipo soluble Moderately toxic Non-toxic to aquatic animals The Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act came into force in 1975 1981 1985 1990