Free NEET Biology multiple-choice questions on Plant Life Cycles. Attempt each question and reveal the answer with a full explanation.
Functional megaspore in an angiosperm develops into? Embryo sac Ovule Endosperm Embryo During the process of double fertilization, the vegetative cell of the pollen grain: Degenerates after the pollen tube reaches the embryo sac Fuses with the polar nuclei Fuses with the egg cell Develops into the endosperm During the process of double fertilization in angiosperms, how many total nuclei are involved in the fusion events? 5 3 4 2 When the pollen tube enters the embryo sac, it always enters through which specific component? One of the synergids The central cell The egg cell directly The antipodal cells What is the primary function of the 'Suspensor' during the development of a dicot embryo? To push the developing embryo into the endosperm for better nutrition To provide the first photosynthetic surface for the embryo To act as the primary site for gas exchange To develop into the future root cap Self-incompatibility in plants is a genetic mechanism that prevents self-pollen from fertilizing the ovules by: Inhibiting pollen germination or pollen tube growth in the pistil Ensuring the anther and stigma mature at different times Positioning the anther and stigma at different heights Producing sterile pollen grains The transport of male gametes to the female gamete via a pollen tube is known as: Siphonogamy Zooidogamy Karyogamy Anisogamy The condition in which the anthers of a flower mature before the stigma is called: Protandry Protogyny Herkogamy Heterostyly Why is 'Apomixis' considered highly significant for the hybrid seed industry? It prevents the segregation of desirable characters in hybrid progeny It increases the genetic diversity of the hybrid crops It allows for faster pollination in greenhouses It reduces the requirement for endosperm in the seed In the aquatic plant Vallisneria , how does the male flower reach the female flower for pollination? Male flowers are released and float on the water surface to reach the female flowers Pollen grains are released underwater and carried by currents to submerged stigmas Insects carry pollen between flowers protruding above water The plant is cleistogamous and pollinates underwater The occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed is referred to as: Polyembryony Parthenogenesis Apomixis Amphimixis In artificial insemination (AI) technique, the semen collected from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced into the: Vagina or Uterus Fallopian tube Ovary Cervical canal only In a typical 8-nucleate embryo sac, how many nuclei are surrounded by cell walls and organized into distinct cells? 6 8 3 7 In the floral reward system, some flowers provide 'nursery sites' for insects. In which of the following plants does the moth Tegeticula deposit its eggs in the locule of the ovary? Yucca Amorphophallus Vallisneria Zostera During the development of a monosporic embryo sac (Polygonum type), how many sequential mitotic divisions occur in the functional megaspore? Three Two Four One In many species of flowering plants, the pollen-pistil interaction acts as a 'genetic screen'. Self-incompatibility is a genetic mechanism that: Prevents self-pollen from germinating or growing a pollen tube Encourages cross-pollination by changing flower shape Ensures that only wind-borne pollen can fertilize Promotes the growth of multiple pollen tubes In flowering plants, the 'Pollen-pistil interaction' is characterized by the chemotropic growth of the pollen tube. The chemical substance that guides the tube is often a: Boron-inositol sugar complex Potassium gradient Calcium-sodium salt Nitrogenous base In the process of artificial hybridization, if the female parent produces unisexual flowers, which of the following steps is NOT required? Emasculation Bagging Tagging Cross-pollination In wind-pollinated (anemophilous) plants, the number of ovules in each ovary is generally: One Many Zero Two Which of the following outbreeding devices prevents both autogamy and geitonogamy? Dioecy (Male and female flowers on different plants) Monoecy (Male and female flowers on the same plant) Self-incompatibility Dichogamy (Different timing of pollen release and stigma receptivity) Development of a pollen grain into a mature male gametophyte involves: Two mitotic divisions One meiotic and one mitotic division Two meiotic divisions Only one mitotic division What is the ploidy of the cells in the antipodals and the secondary nucleus (formed by fusion of polar nuclei) respectively? n and 2n n and n 2n and 3n 2n and n What is the specific ploidy of the cells in the 'Scutellum' of a maize seed? 2n n 3n 4n When the inner layer of the integument becomes specialized to provide nutrition to the embryo sac, it is called: Integumentary tapetum (Endothelium) Hypostase Epistase Obturator The 'Asymmetric spindle' is a characteristic feature seen during which phase of pollen grain development? Mitosis of the microspore Meiosis I of the microspore mother cell Meiosis II of the microspore mother cell Cytokinesis of the vegetative cell How many meiotic divisions are required to produce 200 seeds in a typical angiosperm plant? 250 200 400 500 Which of the following refers to the 'Xenia' effect in plants? Effect of pollen on the endosperm's phenotype Effect of the embryo on the fruit color Effect of the maternal tissue on the seed coat Effect of light on the germination of seeds The point of attachment of the body of the ovule with the funicle is known as the: Hilum Micropyle Chalaza Nucellus The middle piece of the mammalian sperm contains which of the following? Mitochondria Centrioles Nucleus Vacuoles The 'Saheli' contraceptive pill was developed by scientists at: CDRI, Lucknow IARI, New Delhi NDRI, Karnal IISc, Bangalore The oldest seed that germinated and flowered after an estimated record of 10,000 years of dormancy is: Lupinus arcticus Phoenix dactylifera Strobilanthus kunthiana Oryza sativa Each testicular lobule in the human male contains highly coiled seminiferous tubules. 1 to 3 5 to 10 250 10 to 15 The thin, fold of mucous membrane that often partially covers the opening of the vagina is called: Hymen Clitoris Labia minora Mons pubis The phenomenon where the anther and stigma mature at different times to prevent self-pollination is known as: Dichogamy Herkogamy Dicliny Self-incompatibility A seed coat consists of two layers. The outer layer is called and the inner layer is called . Testa; Tegmen Tegmen; Testa Epicarp; Endocarp Perisperm; Endosperm The tiny finger-like structure which lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora above the urethral opening is the: Clitoris Hymen Mons pubis Ampulla The record of the longest seed viability belongs to Lupinus arcticus , which germinated after an estimated dormancy of: 10,000 years 2,000 years 5,000 years 1,000 years The method of contraception that involves the surgical removal of a small portion of the vas deferens is called: Vasectomy Tubectomy Hysterectomy Castration In the human male, which hormone is secreted by Sertoli cells to provide negative feedback on the secretion of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)? Inhibin Androgen Binding Protein (ABP) Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Testosterone The white kernel of the coconut we eat represents which type of endosperm? Cellular endosperm Nuclear endosperm Helobial endosperm Ruminate endosperm What is the approximate length of the fallopian tube in a human female? 10-12 cm 5-7 cm 15-20 cm 2-4 cm Flowers of many grasses are wind-pollinated and possess which specific modification of the stigma? Feathery stigma Sticky stigma Smooth stigma Funnel-shaped stigma The most common type of ovule found in more than 80% of angiosperm families is: Anatropous Orthotropous Campylotropous Amphitropous Surgical methods of contraception (sterilization) are generally considered a last resort for couples because: The reversibility is very poor The procedure is highly painful They cause hormonal imbalance They interfere with sexual desire The process by which the pollen tube enters the ovule through the integuments is known as: Mesogamy Porogamy Chalazogamy Siphonogamy During fertilization, the sperm must pass through the cells of the before reaching the zona pellucida. Corona radiata Perivitelline space Antrum Theca interna Which of the following describes an 'Ectopic pregnancy'? Implantation of the embryo at a site other than the uterus Pregnancy terminated due to hormonal imbalance Pregnancy with genetic abnormalities Implantation of defective embryo in the uterus Read the following statements (A-E) and answer the question which follows them (A) In liverworts, mosses, and ferns gametophytes are free-living (B) Gymnosperms and some ferns are heterosporous (C) Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox and Albugo is oogamous (D) The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses (E) Both, Pinus and Marchantia are dioecious How many of the above statements are correct ? One Two Three Four Male gametophyte with least number of cell is present in : Pteris Funaria Lilium Pinus Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits: Choose the correct answer from the options given below : (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii) (a)-(iv), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii) In a fertilized embryo sac, the zygote is situated at the end while the primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) is situated in the . Micropylar; Central cell Chalazal; Central cell Micropylar; Antipodal region Chalazal; Synergids In Vallisneria , the pollination occurs when: Female flowers reach the surface of water by a long stalk to receive pollen Pollen grains are released under the water and reach the stigma by gravity Insects carry pollen from submerged male flowers to submerged female flowers Wind carries pollen from the surface to the submerged flowers If the diploid chromosome number of a flowering plant is 2n = 24 , what would be the chromosome number in its endosperm, nucellus, and egg cell respectively? 36, 24, 12 24, 24, 12 36, 12, 12 48, 24, 12 In honey bees, the drones (males) are produced by which of the following processes? Arrhenotoky (Parthenogenesis) Thelytoky Syngamy Double Fertilization In angiosperms, triple fusion refers to the fusion of: One male gamete with two polar nuclei Two male gametes with one egg cell One male gamete with the egg cell and one with a synergid Three male gametes with each other In some plants, the female gametophyte is retained on the parent sporophyte for variable periods. This is a precursor to which evolutionary trait? Seed habit Heterospory Apospory Parthenogenesis The 'Scutellum' in a grass embryo is responsible for: Absorbing and translocating nutrients from the endosperm to the embryo Protecting the plumule Storing food for the adult plant Assisting in the dispersal of seeds