Free NEET Biology multiple-choice questions on Taxonomy & Systematics. Attempt each question and reveal the answer with a full explanation.
Which of the following is the correctly written scientific name of mango, which was first described by Carolus Linnaeus? Mangifera indica Linn. Mangifera Indica Mangifera indica Mangifera Indica The body of Hemichordates is divided into which three parts? Proboscis, collar and trunk Head, thorax and abdomen Head, neck and trunk Proboscis, thorax and tail Which of the following is a 'living fossil'? Limulus Locusta Laccifer Apis In amphibians, the heart is and the animals are . Three-chambered; Poikilotherms Two-chambered; Homeotherms Three-chambered; Homeotherms Four-chambered; Poikilotherms Aristotle was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification. He classified plants into herbs, shrubs, and trees based on their: Morphological characters Anatomical features Phylogenetic relationships Mode of nutrition Five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H. Whittaker is NOT based on: Presence or absence of a well-defined nucleus Mode of nutrition Complexity of body organisation Complexity of cell structure Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in: Cell wall structure Mode of nutrition Cell shape Mode of reproduction Which of the following statements is wrong for viroids? Their RNA is of high molecular weight They lack a protein coat They are smaller than viruses They cause infections The 'imperfect fungi' which are decomposers of litter and help in mineral cycling belong to: Deuteromycetes Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes Phycomycetes Floridean starch has structure very similar to: Amylopectin and glycogen Amylose and maltose Starch and cellulose Laminarin and mannitol Conifers are adapted to tolerate extreme environmental conditions because of: Thick cuticle Presence of vessels Broad hardy leaves Superficial stomata Which of the following is a heterosporous pteridophyte? Salvinia Adiantum Equisetum Dryopteris Cyclostomes are characterized by a mouth that is: Sucking and circular without jaws Ventral and biting with jaws Terminal and sucking with jaws Dorsal and circular without jaws In Cnidarians, the characteristic feature where polyps produce medusae asexually and medusae form the polyps sexually is called: Metagenesis Metamorphosis Metagenesis (alternation of generation) Parthenogenesis Which of the following features is not present in Phylum Arthropoda? Parapodia Jointed appendages Chitinous exoskeleton Metameric segmentation Which of the following organisms are completely lacking a cell wall and are the smallest living cells known that can survive without oxygen? Mycoplasma Nostoc Bacillus Pseudomonas Choose the correct statement concerning the life cycle of mosses: The predominant stage is the gametophyte The sporophyte is independent The gametophyte is produced from the zygote directly Protonema is the second stage of the gametophyte Specialized cells called heterocysts, which help in nitrogen fixation, are found in which of the following organisms? Nostoc and Anabaena Spirogyra and Ulothrix Euglena and Paramecium Mucor and Rhizopus What is the common characteristic between Cycas and Pinus regarding their root systems? Both have symbiotic associations with other organisms Both have coralloid roots for nitrogen fixation Both have mycorrhizal associations Both have tap roots without any associations Select the correct statement regarding the phylum Hemichordata: Excretory organ is proboscis gland Circulatory system is closed type Respiration takes place through lungs Fertilization is internal A jawless fish, which lays eggs in fresh water and whose ammocoetes larvae after metamorphosis return to the ocean is: Petromyzon Eptatretus Myxine Neomyxine Which of the following features is uniquely found in mammals and not in other vertebrates? Presence of a muscular diaphragm Presence of a four-chambered heart Homeothermy (warm-bloodedness) Internal fertilization In which group of organisms do the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells which fit together as in a soap box? Chrysophytes Dinoflagellates Euglenoids Slime moulds The skin of cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes) is tough, containing minute: Placoid scales Cycloid scales Ctenoid scales Ganoid scales Prions are infectious agents that consist of: Abnormally folded proteins Single-stranded RNA without protein Double-stranded DNA with protein Single-stranded DNA without protein Which of the following statements about the phylum Arthropoda is incorrect? They have an internal skeleton made of calcium They have jointed appendages The body consists of head, thorax, and abdomen Excretion takes place through malpighian tubules Viruses that infect bacteria, called bacteriophages, usually have: Double stranded DNA Single stranded RNA Double stranded RNA Single stranded DNA Which one of the following animals is cold-blooded, has a three-chambered heart (except one genus), and possesses dry, cornified skin with scales or scutes? Reptiles Amphibians Birds Mammals During unfavorable conditions, slime moulds differentiate and form fruiting bodies bearing spores at their tips. These spores possess: True walls No cell walls Siliceous walls Chitinous walls In members of Phaeophyceae, the food is stored as complex carbohydrates, which may be in the form of: Laminarin or Mannitol Floridean starch Glycogen Cellulose In gymnosperms, the roots of some genera have a symbiotic association with fungi. An example is: Pinus Cycas Cedrus Gingko Which of the following organisms is used extensively in biochemical and genetic work? Neurospora Aspergillus Claviceps Penicillium Which of the following is an example of an oviparous mammal? Ornithorhynchus (Platypus) Macropus (Kangaroo) Pteropus (Flying fox) Delphinus (Dolphin) Metagenesis is observed in which of the following animals? Obelia Adamsia Aurelia Hydra Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the class Aves? The forelimbs are modified into wings. The skin is moist and contains many glands. The heart is three-chambered with an incomplete septum. They are poikilothermic animals. The presence of a 'notochord' only in the larval tail is a characteristic of: Urochordata Cephalochordata Vertebrata Hemichordata Members of the class Phycomycetes, such as Albugo, are known as: Parasitic fungi on mustard The bread mould The cup fungi The club fungi The phenomenon where the notochord extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life is found in: Cephalochordata Urochordata Cyclostomata Hemichordata Which of the following organisms are correctly categorized as 'Deuteromycetes'? Alternaria, Colletotrichum, and Trichoderma Mucor, Rhizopus, and Albugo Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Claviceps Ustilago, Puccinia, and Agaricus The absence of an air bladder in Chondrichthyes means they must: Swim constantly to avoid sinking Stay at the bottom of the ocean Breathe through their skin Gulp air from the surface Which of the following is the 'National Aquatic Animal' of India? River Dolphin Blue Whale Sea Horse Ganges Shark Lichens are well-known to be sensitive to air pollution. They are particularly good indicators of the presence of: Sulfur dioxide Carbon monoxide Nitrous oxide Hydrocarbons Pneumatophores (respiratory roots) are found in which type of plants living in swampy areas? Rhizophora Opuntia Asparagus Pistia Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play a great role in recycling nutrients like: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Iron, and Sulphur Nitrogen, Carbon, Magnesium, and Potassium Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, and Phosphorus Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen In Basidiomycetes, the basidiospores are produced on the basidium: Exogenously Endogenously Both exogenously and endogenously In specialized sacs called asci The presence of external ears or pinnae is a characteristic of which vertebrate class? Mammalia Aves Reptilia Amphibia In Chlorophyceae, the storage bodies called pyrenoids are located in the chloroplasts and consist of: Protein besides starch Starch besides lipid Protein only Starch only Identify the correct statement regarding the stems of Cycas and Pinus: Cycas has an unbranched stem while Pinus has a branched stem Both have unbranched stems Both have branched stems Cycas has a branched stem while Pinus has an unbranched stem Sexual dimorphism is clearly visible in Ascaris because: Females are longer than males and have a straight posterior end Males are longer than females Females have a curved posterior end Males and females are of equal length but different color Which of the following represents the correct sequence of the three steps in the sexual cycle of fungi? Plasmogamy Karyogamy Meiosis Karyogamy Plasmogamy Meiosis Meiosis Plasmogamy Karyogamy Plasmogamy Meiosis Karyogamy Which of the following organ systems is typically absent in Echinoderms? Excretory system Digestive system Circulatory system Nervous system The presence of an air bladder which regulates buoyancy is a characteristic of: Exocoetus Scoliodon Pristis Trygon The most unique mammalian characteristic, besides milk-producing glands, is the presence of: A muscular diaphragm A four-chambered heart Hairs on the skin External ears or pinnae Who showed that viruses could be crystallized and the crystals consist largely of proteins? W.M. Stanley D.J. Ivanowsky M.W. Beijerinck Louis Pasteur Who among the following scientists proposed the term 'Contagium vivum fluidum' to describe the infectious nature of viruses? M.W. Beijerinck D.J. Ivanowsky W.M. Stanley T.O. Diener Which of the following statements regarding viroids is INCORRECT? They have a high molecular weight RNA. They lack a protein coat. They were discovered by T.O. Diener. They cause potato spindle tuber disease. Taxonomic keys are based on contrasting characters in a pair called a couplet. Each statement in the key is called a: Lead Taxon Monograph Manual In slime moulds, the spores are dispersed by: Air currents Water currents Insects Animals Which of the following members of the Kingdom Fungi are considered delicacies and are edible? Morels and Truffles Agaricus and Ustilago Puccinia and Neurospora Rhizopus and Mucor Prions are known to cause which of the following diseases in cattle? Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Tobacco Mosaic Disease Potato Spindle Tuber Disease Citrus Canker Massive plant-like structures that form 'forests' in the ocean and can reach heights up to 100 meters belong to which group? Kelps (Brown Algae) Red Algae Green Algae Diatoms Cycas is characterized by the presence of specialized roots that are associated with N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria. These roots are called: Coralloid roots Mycorrhizal roots Tap roots Adventitious roots The notochord is a rod-like structure formed on the dorsal side during embryonic development. From which germ layer is it derived? Mesoderm Ectoderm Endoderm Ecto-endoderm In which subphylum of Chordata is the notochord present only in the larval tail? Urochordata Cephalochordata Vertebrata Hemichordata Which of the following is an example of a Urochordate? Doliolum Branchiostoma Amphioxus Petromyzon Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of the Phylum Porifera? Presence of cnidoblasts Water canal system Internal fertilization Choanocytes lining the spongocoel Which of the following is a cartilaginous fish that possesses an electric organ? Torpedo Trygon Scoliodon Pristis Which of the following statements about the phylum Arthropoda is correct? They possess a chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages. They have a closed circulatory system and parapodia for swimming. Their body is unsegmented with a distinct head and muscular foot. They are mostly marine and exhibit radial symmetry in adults. In birds (Aves), a specialized gland called the 'oil gland' or 'preen gland' is located at the: Base of the tail Neck region Wings Legs The Water Vascular System in Echinoderms helps in which of the following functions? Locomotion, capture and transport of food, and respiration Only locomotion Only respiration and excretion Only sensory perception In Euglena , the mode of nutrition where they behave like heterotrophs by predating on smaller organisms in the absence of sunlight is called: Mixotrophic Holophytic Saprozoic Coprophilous The mycelium in the class Phycomycetes of Fungi is characterized as: Aseptate and coenocytic Septate and branched Unicellular and eukaryotic Septate and coenocytic Which of the following is a hydrocolloid (water-holding substance) obtained specifically from Red Algae? Carrageen Algin Agar Chlorella In Pinus, the pollen grains are specifically adapted for dispersal by wind through the presence of: Wings Cilia Flagella Spines Ctenophores are characterized by which of the following? Exclusively marine habitat Organ system level of organization Triploblastic body plan Presence of a water vascular system Respiratory organs like book lungs are characteristic of which of the following? Scorpions Prawns King Crabs Cockroaches Mushroom, Smut, and Rust fungi belong to which class of Fungi? Basidiomycetes Ascomycetes Phycomycetes Deuteromycetes In Cyclostomes, the body is devoid of: Scales and paired fins Gills and mouth Notochord and nerve cord Cranium and vertebral column Which of the following organisms is considered a 'connective link' between living and non-living? Viruses Bacteria Lichens Mycoplasma The class Osteichthyes (bony fishes) is characterized by the presence of: Operculum covering the gills Placoid scales Ventral mouth Lack of air bladder Which of the following is a unique feature of the avian (Aves) skeleton? Ossified bones with air cavities Presence of a cartilaginous vertebral column Presence of a tail with a notochord Absence of a cranium The mammalian character of having 'different types of teeth' (incisors, canines, premolars, molars) is known as: Heterodont Thecodont Diphyodont Homodont In the five-kingdom system, which kingdom out of the following has the most diverse metabolic groups? Monera Plantae Fungi Animalia In the five-kingdom classification system, which of the following groups of bacteria are mostly responsible for nitrogen fixation in leguminous plants? Heterotrophic bacteria Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria Photosynthetic autotrophic bacteria Archaebacteria Identify the correct sequence of phases in the sexual cycle of fungi: Plasmogamy Karyogamy Meiosis Karyogamy Plasmogamy Meiosis Meiosis Plasmogamy Karyogamy Plasmogamy Meiosis Karyogamy Regarding the sexuality of gymnosperms, which of the following statements is correct? Pinus is monoecious while Cycas is dioecious Pinus is dioecious while Cycas is monoecious Both Pinus and Cycas are monoecious Both Pinus and Cycas are dioecious The body of brown algae ( Phaeophyceae ) is typically attached to the substratum by a/an and has a stalk called the and a leaf-like photosynthetic organ called the . Holdfast, stipe, frond Rhizoid, seta, capsule Root, stem, leaf Holdfast, frond, stipe In the classification of mammals, which of the following is an example of a limbless amphibian? Ichthyophis Hyla Rana Salamandra Under suitable conditions, Slime Moulds form an aggregation called: Plasmodium Fruiting body Mycelium Sorus The label of a herbarium sheet does NOT carry information on: Height of the plant Date of collection Name of collector Local names Which of the following is a chordate character that distinguishes it from non-chordates? Post-anal tail Ventral nerve cord Dorsal heart Solid nerve cord Vast majorities of bacteria are heterotrophs. Which of the following is NOT a role played by heterotrophic bacteria in human affairs? Fixing nitrogen in Nostoc and Anabaena Production of curd from milk Production of antibiotics Fixing nitrogen in legume roots Which of the following materials is used for polishing and filtration of oils and syrups because of its gritty nature and indestructible cell walls? Diatomaceous earth Peat Slime mould spores Bacterial endospores Pneumatic (hollow) bones and air sacs connected to lungs are characteristic adaptations of which class? Aves Reptilia Mammalia Amphibia The specialized membranous structures in bacteria, formed by the extensions of the plasma membrane into the cell, are called mesosomes. Which of the following is NOT a function of mesosomes? Protein synthesis Cell wall formation DNA replication and distribution to daughter cells Respiration and secretion processes In many fungi, the fusion of two haploid cells ( n + n ) does not immediately result in a diploid cell ( 2n ). This intervening phase is called the dikaryophase and is seen in: Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes Phycomycetes and Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes Phycomycetes and Basidiomycetes Identify the correct statement regarding the asexual spores of members belonging to the class Ascomycetes: They are called conidia and are produced exogenously. They are called conidia and are produced endogenously. They are called zoospores and are produced exogenously. They are called sporangiospores and are produced endogenously. Fungi like Glomus form symbiotic associations with roots of higher plants. What is the primary benefit the plant receives from this association? Absorption of phosphorus from soil Protection against atmospheric pollution Enhanced photosynthetic rate Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen Lichens are considered very important ecologically because they are: Pioneer species on bare rocks in ecological succession The primary producers in the deep-sea hydrothermal vents The only organisms capable of nitrogen fixation in deserts Major decomposers of wood in tropical rainforests What is the ploidy level of the endosperm in gymnosperms? Haploid ( n ) Diploid ( 2n ) Triploid ( 3n ) Polyploid Viroids differ from viruses in having: RNA molecules without protein coat DNA molecules with protein coat RNA molecules with protein coat DNA molecules without protein coat Which of the following pairs of brown algae are used as food by humans and livestock? Laminaria and Sargassum Porphyra and Gelidium Gracilaria and Ectocarpus Dictyota and Fucus The skeleton of members of the Phylum Porifera is made up of: Spicules or spongin fibers Calcium carbonate shells only Chitinous plates Siliceous frustules Which of the following Cnidarians is commonly known as 'Sea fur' and exhibits metagenesis? Obelia Physalia Adamsia Meandrina In crustaceans like prawns, the excretory function is performed by: Antennal glands or Green glands Malpighian tubules Nephridia Flame cells True segmentation, also known as metameric segmentation or metamerism, is first observed in which phylum? Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca Chordata In bacteria, the process of genetic recombination that involves the direct transfer of DNA from one cell to another via a sex pilus is: Conjugation Transformation Transduction Binary fission Which of the following is an aquatic pteridophyte that is often used as a bio-fertilizer due to its association with N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria? Azolla Salvinia Equisetum Pteris In Platyhelminthes (Flatworms), specialized parasitic forms like Taenia lack a digestive system because they: Absorb nutrients directly through their body surface Are chemosynthetic Use their hooks to digest host tissues externally Feed only on host blood using flame cells Cyclostomes have an elongated body bearing how many pairs of gill slits for respiration? 6-15 pairs 2-4 pairs 10-20 pairs 5 pairs In males of the class Chondrichthyes, pelvic fins bear which of the following structures to facilitate internal fertilization? Claspers Barbels Suckers Operculum Which of the following represents the correct hierarchical order in taxonomy? Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species Kingdom → Class → Phylum → Order → Family → Genus → Species Kingdom → Phylum → Order → Class → Family → Genus → Species Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Family → Order → Genus → Species Body cavity is the cavity present between body wall and gut wall. In some animals the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm; instead, the mesoderm is present as scattered pouches. Such a body cavity is called: Pseudocoelom Coelom Haemocoel Acoelom The Jacobson's organ, used for detecting chemical scents (olfaction), is particularly well-developed in: Reptiles Amphibians Birds Fishes The 'Walking Fern' ( Adiantum ) gets its name because: It propagates vegetatively by its leaf tips touching the soil Its spores have legs to walk on water It moves its roots through the sand to find water It is a parasitic plant that moves from host to host Most dinoflagellates have two flagella. How are they positioned on the cell? One lies longitudinally and the other transversely in a furrow between the wall plates. Both are apical and oriented in the same direction. Both are positioned at the posterior end of the cell. One is at the anterior end and the other is at the posterior end. Which of the following describes the genetic material generally found in viruses that infect animals? Either single or double stranded RNA or double stranded DNA Only single stranded RNA Only double stranded DNA Only single stranded DNA In the life cycle of mosses, the 'leafy stage' develops from the: Secondary protonema as a lateral bud Primary protonema as a terminal bud Spore directly via germination Zygote after mitotic division Which of the following is a dioecious annelid? Nereis Earthworm Leech All of the above Which of the following is a freshwater bony fish belonging to the class Osteichthyes? Labeo (Rohu) Exocoetus (Flying fish) Hippocampus (Sea horse) Scoliodon (Dog fish) In a lichen, what is the primary role of the mycobiont (fungal component)? Providing shelter and absorbing mineral nutrients and water for its partner. Preparing food for the algal partner through photosynthesis. Fixing atmospheric nitrogen for the lichen. Protecting the lichen from predators by producing toxins. Which of the following organisms are responsible for causing 'red tides' in the ocean due to their rapid multiplication? Gonyaulax Euglena Noctiluca Trypanosoma Select the mismatch: Pinus - Dioecious Cycas - Dioecious Salvinia - Heterosporous Equisetum - Homosporous Which one of the following animals is correctly matched with its particular taxonomic category? Housefly - Musca, genus Tiger - tigris, species Cuttlefish - Mollusca, class Humans - Primata, family In the five-kingdom classification, Chlamydomonas and Chlorella have been included in: Protista Algae Plantae Monera Which one of the following is wrong about Chara? Upper antheridium and lower oogonium Globule and nucule present on the same plant Upper oogonium and lower round antheridium Globule is male reproductive structure The life cycle of Ectocarpus and Fucus respectively are: Haplodiplontic, Diplontic Haplodiplontic, Haplontic Haplontic, Diplontic Diplontic, Haplodiplontic Which one of the following is a matching pair of a body feature and the animal possessing it? Ventral central nervous system - Leech Pharyngeal gill slits absent in embryo - Chamaeleon Post-anal tail - Octopus Canal system - Asterias Which of the following fungi is a source of many alkaloids and is used as a medicine, but is also known for causing 'Ergot of rye'? Claviceps Ustilago Puccinia Saccharomyces Which of the following is an aquatic annelid that is dioecious and possesses parapodia for swimming? Nereis Pheretima Hirudinaria Lumbricus Which of the following is true about the migration of Cyclostomes? They migrate to fresh water for spawning and die after a few days They migrate to sea water for spawning and return to fresh water They migrate to fresh water for spawning and return to the sea They do not migrate and live only in fresh water Mycoplasma are resistant to antibiotics like penicillin because they: Lack a cell wall Have a thick chitinous wall Produce enzymes that degrade the antibiotic Are intracellular parasites The members of Rhodophyceae (Red Algae) differ from other algae in lacking: Flagellated stages in their life cycle Chlorophyll a Sexual reproduction A cell wall Which of the following is considered the defining property of living organisms without exception? Consciousness Reproduction Growth Movement Presence of a file-like rasping organ for feeding, called radula, is found in: Mollusca Arthropoda Echinodermata Annelida Species are considered as: Real basic units of classification The highest units of classification Artificial concepts of human mind Groups of organisms that cannot interbreed In the taxonomic hierarchy, as we go from Species to Kingdom, the number of common characteristics: Goes on decreasing Goes on increasing Remains the same First increases then decreases Who is often referred to as the 'Darwin of the 20th century' and was awarded the triple crown of biology for his work on the biological species concept? Ernst Mayr Carolus Linnaeus R.H. Whittaker George Bentham The concept of 'reproductive isolation' is fundamental to the definition of: Biological species Genus Family Population The 'Basmati' rice is distinct for its unique aroma and flavor. How many documented varieties of Basmati are grown in India? 27 30 50 12 Match items in Column I with those in Column II - A – L ; B – J; C – M; D – N ; E – K A – K ; B – J; C – L ; D – M; E – N A – J ; B – K; C – N ; D – L; E – K A – N ; B – L; C – K ; D – N; E – J The living organisms can be unexceptionally distinguished from the non-living things on the basis of their ability for interaction with the environment and progressive evolution reproduction growth and movement responsiveness to touch. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below: a (ii) b (iv) c (iii) d (i) a (iii) b (ii) c (i) d (iv) a (i) b (iv) c (iii) d (ii) a (iii) b (iv) c (i) d (ii) Arrange the following taxonomic categories in ascending order. (a) Genus (b) Class (c) Order (d) Phylum (e) Family (f) Kingdom (g) Species Choose the correct answer from the options given below : (g), (a), (e), (c), (b), (d), (f) (a), (c), (d), (g), (f), (b), (e) (g), (c), (d), (b), (e), (a), (f) (f), (c), (b), (g), (d), (e), (a) Genus represents . an individual plant or animal a population of plants and animals a group of closely related species a group of closely related families The symmetry found in adult Echinoderms is while in their larvae it is . Radial, Bilateral Bilateral, Radial Radial, Radial Bilateral, Bilateral In liverworts, asexual reproduction takes place by the formation of specialized structures called: Gemmae Spores Zoospores Conidia What is the function of the 'prothallus' in pteridophytes? It is a gametophyte that bears sex organs It is a sporophyte that produces spores It is a protective covering for the embryo It is a specialized root for water absorption The taxonomic aid that contains actual account of habitat and distribution of plants of a given area is: Flora Manual Monograph Key Which of the following is an example of colonial green algae? Volvox Ulothrix Spirogyra Chlamydomonas The predominant stage of the life cycle of a moss is the gametophyte, which consists of two stages. The first stage is the: Protonema stage Leafy stage Sporophyte stage Capsule stage Which of the following taxonomic aids provides information for the identification of names of species found in an area? Manuals Monographs Flora Catalogues The central body cavity of sponges, lined by choanocytes, is known as the: Spongocoel Coelenteron Pseudocoelom Haemocoel In Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes), the skin is tough and contains minute: Placoid scales Cycloid scales Ctenoid scales Ganoid scales In the classification of plants, the term 'Angiospermae' represents which taxonomic category? Division Class Order Family The juvenile stage in the life cycle of a moss, which develops directly from a spore, is the: Protonema Leafy stage Antheridium Archegonium In Cnidarians, the body wall consists of two layers of cells separated by an undifferentiated layer called: Mesoglea Mesoderm Mesophyll Mesochyme In Arthropods, the balance organs are known as: Statocysts Antennae Ommatidia Malpighian tubules In Mollusca, the space between the hump and the mantle is called the mantle cavity, which contains: Feather-like gills Radula Statocysts Malpighian tubules In Chondrichthyes, the teeth are modified: Placoid scales Cycloid scales Ctenoid scales Ganoid scales In Aves (birds), the digestive tract has additional chambers called: Crop and Gizzard Rumen and Reticulum Abomasum and Omasum Caecum and Colon The presence of a cloaca, which is a common chamber for the alimentary canal, urinary, and reproductive tracts, is a characteristic of: Amphibians Mammals Bony fishes Arthropods Cyanobacteria, also referred to as blue-green algae, possess which pigment similar to green plants? Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll c Fucoxanthin The number of cervical (neck) vertebrae in almost all mammals, including giraffes and humans, is: 7 9 12 Varies significantly with neck length Which of the following animals are diploblastic, meaning their cells are arranged in two embryonic layers? Adamsia Fasciola Ascaris Pheretima In which of the following taxonomic categories are maximum common characteristics found? Species Genus Family Kingdom In the nomenclature of plants ( ICBN ), the scientific name of a species is considered validly published only if it is accompanied by: A Latin description or diagnosis A photograph of the specimen A English translation of the name The name of the collector The binomial nomenclature for plants was first published by Carolus Linnaeus in his book titled: Species Plantarum Systema Naturae Genera Plantarum Philosophia Botanica In the binomial nomenclature system, what does the second word in the scientific name represent? Specific epithet Genus Family Order In Marchantia , the female reproductive structure which bears the archegonia is the: Archegoniophore Antheridiophore Gemma cup Capsule Which of the following sets of animals belong to the Phylum Arthropoda? Laccifer, Apis, Bombyx Pila, Loligo, Sepia Antedon, Cucumaria, Echinus Adamsia, Pennatula, Meandrina In Urochordata , the notochord is present in: Larval tail only Only adult tail Head to tail throughout life Embryonic stage only In the taxonomic hierarchy, which of the following suffixes is correctly matched with its taxonomic category for plants? -ales : Order -phyta : Family -aceae : Class -opsida : Division Which of the following taxonomic aids is an alphabetical list of species found in an area, often providing brief descriptions for identification? Catalogues Monographs Manuals Floras Specialized cells called choanocytes or collar cells line the spongocoel and the canals in: Porifera Coelenterata Ctenophora Platyhelminthes In a taxonomic key, the pair of contrasting characters is called a: Couplet Lead Taxon Grade The animal commonly known as 'Sea lily' belongs to the phylum: Echinodermata Mollusca Cnidaria Porifera Identify the correct matching of the common name and scientific name of a reptile: Turtle - Chelone Tortoise - Calotes Garden lizard - Testudo Chameleon - Crocodilus The standard size of a herbarium sheet, as accepted internationally, is approximately: 29 41.5 cm 25 35 cm 30 45 cm 20 30 cm The contractile vacuole in protozoans like Amoeba is primarily involved in: Osmoregulation Respiration Digestion Reproduction In Cnidarians, the mouth is located on a conical elevation called the: Hypostome Cnidoblast Basal disc Osculum The functional units of the compound eyes found in Arthropods are called: Ommatidia Statocysts Ocelli Malpighian tubules Members of which phylum are commonly known as 'sea walnuts' or 'comb jellies'? Ctenophora Coelenterata Platyhelminthes Echinodermata In Echinoderms, the calcareous plate through which water enters the water vascular system is the: Madreporite Radula Osculum Hypostome Identify the animal belonging to the subphylum Cephalochordata: Branchiostoma (Amphioxus) Ascidia Salpa Doliolum To which family does wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) belong in the taxonomic hierarchy? Poaceae Anacardiaceae Solanaceae Muscidae The sound-producing organ in birds, located at the base of the trachea, is known as the: Syrinx Larynx Pharynx Cloaca Which of the following are the three main growth forms of lichens? Crustose, Foliose, and Fruticose Basal, Apical, and Lateral Septate, Aseptate, and Coenocytic Ectotrophic, Endotrophic, and Peritrophic In plant taxonomy, the suffix '-phyta' is used to denote which taxonomic category? Division Class Order Family Which of the following is a rule of binomial nomenclature regarding the author's name? The author's name appears after the specific epithet and is written in an abbreviated form. The author's name is written in italics along with the genus and species name. The author's name is written before the genus name. The author's name must be in Greek regardless of the origin of the scientific name. Flame cells are the specialized excretory structures found in: Platyhelminthes Annelida Aschelminthes Arthropoda In gymnosperms, the megasporangium is protected by envelopes and the composite structure is known as the: Ovule Nucellus Integument Archegonium The balance organs present in aquatic arthropods like prawns are known as: Statocysts Antennae Ocelli Malpighian tubules In Phylum Chordata, the central nervous system (CNS) is described as: Dorsal, hollow and single Ventral, solid and double Dorsal, solid and single Ventral, hollow and single Which class of algae is characterized by the presence of a leaf-like photosynthetic organ called a 'frond'? Phaeophyceae Chlorophyceae Rhodophyceae Cyanophyceae According to the Binomial Nomenclature, the scientific name of an organism is printed in italics to indicate its: Latin origin Greek origin Scientific importance Discovery by Linnaeus Identify the correct sequence of water flow in the canal system of a sponge: Ostia Spongocoel Osculum Osculum Spongocoel Ostia Ostia Choanocytes Osculum Osculum Choanocytes Spongocoel In the classification of plants, which of the following suffixes is used to indicate the taxonomic category 'Family'? -aceae -ales -opsida -ae Which taxonomic aid contains information on any one taxon? Monograph Manual Flora Catalogue Identify the correct taxonomic category (Order) for the housefly ( Musca domestica ): Diptera Muscidae Insecta Arthropoda The scientific name of an organism is based on agreed principles and criteria provided by: ICBN IUCN IBWL ICNP Carolus Linnaeus used the title 'Systema Naturae' for his: Publication Taxonomic category Herbarium Museum ICZN stands for: International Code of Zoological Nomenclature International Code for Zoology Naming Indian Code of Zoological Nomenclature International Council for Zoological Nomenclature In a museum, larger animals like birds and mammals are usually preserved by: Stuffing Formalin solution Pinning in boxes Drying and pressing A taxonomic 'Key' is based on the contrasting characters generally in a pair called: Couplet Lead Monograph Manual ICBN stands for International Code of Botanical Nomenclature International congress of Biological Names Indian Code of Botanical Nomenclature Indian Congress of Biological Names. Two plants can be conclusively said to belong to the same species if they. have more than 90 per cent similar genes look similar and possess identical secondary metabolites have same number of chromosomes can reproduce freely with each other and form seeds. Which of the following Cnidarians is commonly known as 'Sea-pen'? Pennatula Gorgonia Meandrina Adamsia Phylogenetic system of classification is based on: Floral characters Evolutionary relationships Morphological features Chemical constituents Which one of the following is not a correct statement? Herbarium houses dried, pressed and preserved plant specimens Botanical gardens have collection of living plants for reference. A museum has collection of photographs of plants and animals. Key is a taxonomic aid for identification of specimens. Match items of Column I with the items of Column II and asign the correct code : array ll Column-I & Column-II (a) Cyanide process & (i) Ultrapure Ge (b) Froth floatation process & (ii) Dressing of ZnS (c) Electrolytic reduction & (iii) Extraction of Al (d) Zone refining & (iv) Extraction of Au ; & (v) Purification of Ni array a-iv, b-ii, c-iii, d-i a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-v a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv a-iii, b-iv, c-v, d-i Nomenclature is governed by certain universal rules. Which one of the following is contrary to the rules of nomenclature? (1) Biological names can be written in any language (2) The first word in a biological name represents the genus name, and the second is a specific epithet (3) The names are written in Latin and are italicised (4) When written by hand, the names are to be underlined Given below are defined the various taxonomic aids used in taxonomy which facilitate identification and classification of organisms. Which one of the following is wrong ? Key, floras, manuals, monographs and catalogues are useful ads for identification of plants and animals. Herbarium is created to house live specimens of plant material. Museums are established to keep preserved specimens of animals and plants. Botanical garden and zoological parks are established to conserve and preserve live plants and animals respectively Select the correctly written scientific name of Mango which was first described by Carolus Linnaeus (1) Mangifera Indica (2) Mangifera indica Car. Linn. (3) Mangifera indica Linn. (4) Mangifera indica In the taxonomic categories which hierarchical arrangement in ascending order is correct in case of animals? Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Family, Order, Genus, Species Kingdom, Order, Class, Phylum, Family, Genus, Species Kingdom, Order, Phylum, Class, Family, Genus, Species Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species Some tranquilizers are listed below. Which one from the following belongs to barbiturates? Chlordiazepoxide Meprobamate Valium Veronal Which one of the following statements is not true about the universal rules of binomial nomenclature? The first word in the biological name represents the specific epithet, while the second component denotes the genus The specific epithet in the biolgial name starts with a small letter Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are separately underlined or printed in italics Biological names are generally in Latin Identify the bony fish that is known for its ability to leap out of the water and 'fly' for short distances using its pectoral fins: Exocoetus Hippocampus Catla Labeo Why are members of Phylum Platyhelminthes commonly referred to as 'flatworms'? Because they have a dorso-ventrally flattened body. Because they are found in flat, terrestrial habitats. Because they lack a circulatory system and appear thin. Because they possess a flat, circular mouth. In addition to genomic DNA, many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA. These smaller DNA molecules are called: Plasmids Mesosomes Nucleoids Inclusion bodies The scientist who discovered viroids in 1971 and noted they were smaller than viruses is: T.O. Diener D.J. Ivanowsky M.W. Beijerinck W.M. Stanley Members of the class Ascomycetes are commonly known as: Sac fungi Bracket fungi Algal fungi Club fungi In which of the following phyla is a closed circulatory system found for the first time in the animal kingdom? Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca Aschelminthes Bony fishes (Osteichthyes) typically differ from cartilaginous fishes in having a mouth that is: Terminal Ventral Dorsal Lateral The fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non-motile gametes during the sexual cycle of fungi is called: Plasmogamy Karyogamy Meiosis Dikaryophase In the life cycle of bryophytes, the female sex organ is flask-shaped and produces a single egg. This organ is the: Archegonium Antheridium Sporangium Oogonium In some bacteria, the glycocalyx is a loose sheath called the ; while in others it may be thick and tough, called the . Slime layer; Capsule Capsule; Slime