Electric Potential Definition — the NEET Physics formula with its derivation, variables, validity constraints and worked solver.
Electric Potential Definition General Electrostatics. Valid for any static charge configuration where a potential energy can be defined relative to a reference (usually infinity). Define Electric Potential Energy (U) as the work done by an external force to bring a charge q from infinity to a point. Recognize that U is proportional to the magnitude of the charge q. Define Electric Potential (V) as the ratio of this energy to the charge: V = U/q. q must not be zero to define V via division (conceptually, V exists independently of the test charge). Assumes the test charge q is small enough not to disturb the source field configuration. Reference point for zero potential energy must be consistent (usually infinity). Confusing Electric Potential (V, measured in Volts) with Electric Potential Energy (U, measured in Joules). Thinking potential is a vector quantity like Electric Field. Assuming potential is zero just because the electric field is zero (e.g., inside a charged shell, field is zero but potential is constant non-zero).