Plant Vascular Tissue Cross Sections — a labelled NEET Biology diagram with a definitions lexicon.
Plant Vascular Tissue Cross Sections Labelled parts: Epidermis, Cortex, Endodermis, Casparian strip, Pericycle, Xylem, Phloem, Radial vascular bundles, Small pith, Polyarch vascular bundles, Large pith, Vascular bundles in ring, Open vascular bundle, Cambium, Medullary rays, Ground tissue, Scattered vascular bundles, Closed vascular bundle, Bundle sheath. The innermost layer of the cortex surrounding the vascular cylinder (stele). It regulates the movement of water and solutes into the vascular tissues. FYI: The endodermis contains the Casparian strips, waxy bands that force water to pass through the cell cytoplasm, making the plant apoplastic pathway difficult. A layer of meristematic cells located immediately internal to the endodermis. It is responsible for initiating the growth of lateral roots. FYI: The pericycle is the site from which most lateral roots originate, making it vital for root system development. A lateral meristem responsible for secondary growth in plants. It is typically composed of vascular cambium (producing xylem and phloem) and cork cambium (producing cork). FYI: The vascular cambium is responsible for the formation of secondary xylem and secondary phloem, leading to the increase in girth (secondary growth). Radial strands of parenchyma cells found in the pith and ground tissue of the stem. They facilitate the lateral transport of nutrients and water. FYI: Medullary rays are important for the radial transport of materials, connecting the vascular bundles to the central pith region. A type of vascular arrangement where multiple vascular bundles are present in the stem or root. This arrangement is characteristic of dicot stems. FYI: In dicot stems, the vascular bundles are typically arranged in a ring pattern, making them polyarch. A pattern of vascular bundles where the xylem and phloem are arranged on opposite sides of the bundle, separated by a cambium area. This is typical of dicot stems. FYI: The arrangement of xylem and phloem on opposite sides is a key distinguishing feature of radial vascular bundles in dicots. A layer of cells surrounding the vascular bundle, often associated with photosynthesis in specialized plant structures like leaf veins. It can be involved in carbon fixation. FYI: In C4 plants, the bundle sheath cells are the site where the Calvin cycle occurs, concentrating CO2 for efficient photosynthesis. A vascular bundle that possesses a cambium layer between the xylem and phloem. This allows for continuous secondary growth and girth increase. FYI: Open vascular bundles are characteristic of dicot stems because the presence of cambium allows for secondary growth. A vascular bundle that lacks a cambium layer between the xylem and phloem. This limits the potential for secondary growth. FYI: Closed vascular bundles are typical of monocot stems, where the vascular tissue is fixed and does not undergo significant secondary growth.